Thailand Analysis of the General Insurance Industry Free Essays

string(41) " the business of an Insurance Company 2\." Brochure More information from http://www. researchandmarkets. com/reports/606283/ Thailand Insurance Sector Description: Thailand is the 2nd largest economy in Southeast Asia, after Indonesia. We will write a custom essay sample on Thailand: Analysis of the General Insurance Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now It ranks midway in the wealth spread in South East Asia and is the 4th richest nation per capita, after Singapore, Brunei, and Malaysia. The Thai economy in 2008 is forecasted to grow at 5. 6% (in the forecasted range of 5. 0-6. 0%). This figure is an improvement on 4. 8% growth in the previous year according to Fiscal Policy Office (FPO), Ministry of Finance. In 2008 accelerated public sector spending led to recovery in domestic demand which is expected to be far more balanced economic expansion. Government policy would then be forced to stimulate the domestic economy. This happens when external demand is likely to be softened from possible global economic slowdown. External stability in 2008 will remain strong with current account surplus estimated to be 0. 5% of GDP (in the range of 0. 3-0. 8% of GDP). In contrast, internal stability in 2008 may have some risk with increasing headline inflation at 4. 5% (in a range of 4. 3-4. 8%). This is mainly due to rising energy and food prices in the world markets. According to ‘The Economist’, real GDP growth will slow down by 1. 15% p. a over the next 4 years (2008-12), as compared to 5. 3% p. a in past 3 years since 2007. This sluggishness of GDP can be attributed to various negative factors, such as political uncertainty, instability of foreign exchange rates, and continuous high petroleum prices in 2006. The Thai insurance industry, along with the wider Thai economy, has now however recovered from the depths of the Asian financial crisis and is experiencing noteworthy growth. The trend is expected to continue as public awareness of the need for insurance increases. Market Performance and Forecast Within a span of 7 years (2000 – 2007), Thai Insurance Sector has experienced a growth of 191% currently valuated at $9,434. 72 million. The Knowledge Centre predicts, the overall market size will increase by 72. 5% further and is expected to touch the highs of $13,012. 75 million by 2011. The life insurance market in Thailand between 2000 and 2007 increased at a CAGR of 16. 57%. The Knowledge Centre envisages that this trend would continue and the market will see CAGR of 5. 5% in 5 years and reach $8,306. 21 million in 2011. The non-life insurance market in Thailand between 2000 and 2007 increased at a CAGR of 10. 73%. The Knowledge Centre also forecasts that the growth will continue and the market will see CAGR of 8. 34% in the next 5 years with the premiums reaching $4,706 million by 2011. Competitive Landscape Some of the top foreign insurance companie s in Thailand are ACE, AIG, Allianz, AXA, Generali, ING, Millea Holdings, Manulife, New York Life and Prudential (UK). The market is dominated by AIA, the local name of AIG that accounted for approx. 29% of all of gross premiums in 2007. Thai Life (TLI) is considered to be the second largest player overall with a market share of approx. 14%. The next largest group is considered to be a joint venture between non-life insurer Ayudhya, local conglomerate Charoen Pokphand and Allianz (AACP) with a market share of approx. 14%. Other major players in this market are Ocean Life, Finansa, local associates of AXA (Krungthai) and ING. Non-life insurance sector in Thailand is further sub-categorized under Fire, Marine Transportation, Hull, Cargo, Automobile, Compulsory, Voluntary, Miscellaneous, Industrial All Risks, Public Liability, Engineering Insurance, Aviation Insurance, Personal Accident, Health Insurance, Crop Insurance and Other Insurance. Some of the top companies in this sector are Bangkok Insurance, Dhipaya Insurance, Phatra Insurance, New Hampshire Insurance, Ayudhya Insurance, Mitsui Sumitomo Insurance, MSIG Insurance, Sri Muang Insurance, Siam Commercial Samaggi, South East Insurance, Viriyah Insurance, Synmunkong Insurance, Krungthai Panich etc. Driving factors – Balanced economic expansion and supporting role of the government – Recent reforms and government’s regulatory initiatives – Re-defined financial practices and strengthening of corporate governance Relaxation of restrictions on directors and senior executives of insurance companies Amendment of clauses governing the evaluation of assets debts of a life insurance company Merger or consolidation of the large number of local insurers Middle income industrial developing nation Growing interest in Bancassurance Adoption of THBFix and Bibor Establishment of Insurance Commission Major trends, issues and opportunities – Mergers and acquisitions in Thailand’s insurance industry are likely to drop off – Thailand’s economy is slowing as the effects of high oil prices, rising interest rates and longrunning political uncertainty take their toll. – Political uncertainty and instability of foreign exchange rates – Bullish trend in fixed deposit rates – Government regulations laying a strong foundation for future growth – Increase in foreign ownership limits – Move towards a knowledge economy through skills development – Issues in Health Insurance Systems Topics covered in the report Thai economy, its performance, future outlook for 2008-09 – Government’s economic policies, macroeconomic factors, trends and analysis – Economic and Insurance environment in Thailand – Market performance and forecast for Thai Insurance Sector between 2000, 2007 and 2011 – Market perf ormance and forecast for Thai Life Insurance Sector between 2000, 2007 2011 – Market performance and forecast for Thai Non-Life Insurance Sector between 2000, 2007 2011 – Recent reorganization of financial institutions and setting up of Insurance Commission – Corporate Finance Legislation and other major regulatory developments – Role of Bancassurance Specific regulations and norms by the Thai Government for insurance sector. – Sub-categorization of life and non-life insurance sector – Competitive landscape market share of companies in life and non-life insurance sector – Company profiles of top players in life and non-life insurance sector Contents: 1. THAILAND 1. 1. THAI ECONOMY 1. 2. GOVERNMENT POLICIES 2. THAI INSURANCE SECTOR 2. 1. MARKET OVERVIEW 2. 2. MARKET PERFORMANCE FORECAST 2. 2. 1. Thailand Insurance Market 2. 2. 1. 1. Thailand – Life Insurance Market 2. 2. 1. 2. Thailand – Non-Life Market 2. 3. DRIVING FACTORS 2. 3. 1. Recent Reforms 2. 3. 2. MA or transfer of the business of an Insurance Company 2. You read "Thailand: Analysis of the General Insurance Industry" in category "Papers" 3. 3. Thai Corporate Finance Legislation 2. 3. 4. Role of Bancassurance 2. 3. 5. Recent Regulatory Developments 2. 3. 6. Insurance Commission replaced Department of Insurance 2. 4. TRENDS, ISSUES AND OPPORTUNITIES – AN ANALYSIS 2. 4. 1. Insurance MA likely to drop 2. 4. 2. Pending Legislations 2. 4. 3. Implications for Foreign Insurers 2. 4. 4. Skills development remains a key 2. 4. 5. Issues in Health Insurance Systems in Thailand 2. 5. GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS 2. 6. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE 2. 6. 1. Life Insurance 2. 6. 1. 1. Life Insurance Renewal Market 2. 6. 1. 2. Single Premium Market 2. 6. 2. Non-Life Insurance Market 2. 6. 2. 1. Fire Insurance Market 2. 6. 2. 2. Marine and Transportation Market 2. 6. 2. 3. Cargo Hull Market 2. 6. 2. 4. Automobile Sector 2. 6. 2. 5. Miscellaneous Insurance 2. 6. 2. 6. Industrial All Risks Insurance 2. 6. 2. 7. Public Liability Insurance 2. 6. 2. 8. Engineering Insurance 2. 6. 2. 9. Aviation Insurance 2. 6. 2. 10. Health Insurance 2. 6. 2. 11. Personal Accident Insurance 2. 6. 2. 12. Other Insurance 2. 6. 3. Company Profiles 2. 6. 3. 1. American International Assurance company (AIA), Thailand 2. . 3. 2. ACE INA Overseas Insurance Company Limited 2. 6. 3. 3. Ayudhya Insurance Public Company Limited 2. 6. 3. 4. Ayudhya Allianz C. P. Life Public Company Limited 2. 6. 3. 5. Bangkok Insurance Public Company Limited 2. 6. 3. 6. Bangkok Union Insurance 2. 6. 3. 7. Charan Insurance 2. 6. 3. 8. Deves Insurance 2. 6. 3. 9. ING Life Limited 2. 6. 3. 10. Indara Insurance 2. 6. 3 . 11. Manulife Insurance (Thailand) Public Company Limited 2. 6. 3. 12. MSIG Insurance 2. 6. 3. 13. QBE Insurance (Thailand) Company Limited 2. 6. 3. 14. Sri Muang Insurance 2. 6. 3. 15. The Viriyah Insurance Co. , Ltd. List of Tables Table 1: Macroeconomic Trends: Population (mil. ) vs. Nominal GDP ($ bil. ) – 2002-2011f Table 2: Macroeconomic Trends: GDP per capital ($ bil. ) vs. Real GDP Growth (%) – 2003-2011f Table 3: Growth Trends: Inflation (2002-2008f) Table 4: Key Economic Indicators Forecast – 2007-2012f Table 5: Growth Trend Comparison: GDP Growth vs. Insurance Growth (%) – 2000-2011 Table 6: Thailand Insurance Market Value ($million): 2000-2007 Table 7: Thailand Insurance Market Value Forecast ($million): 2007-2011f Table 8 : Insurance Density: Premiums Per Capita in USD Table 9: Insurance Premium in % of GDP (2001-2011f) Table 10: Growth Trend of Life Insurance and Non-Life Insurance ($Million): 2000-2011f Table 11: Thailand Life Insurance Market Value ($million): 2000-2007 Table 12: Thailand Life Insurance Market Value Forecast ($million): 2007-2011f Table 13: Thailand Non-Life Insurance Market Value ($million): 2000-2007 Table 14: Thailand Non-Life Insurance Market Value Forecast ($million): 2007-2011f Table 15: Thailand Insurance Sector: Projections of Macroeconomic Drivers (2006-2010f) Table 16: Market Share of Top Players in Life Insurance Sector: Comparison between 2006 2007 (Million Baht) and their Growth (%) Table 17: Life Insurance Total Premium Growth Year on Year by Company 2006-2007 (%) Table 18: Life Insurance Market Growth by First Year Premium of Top Companies: Comparison between 2006 2007 (mn Baht) Table 19: Life Insurance Market Growth by First Year Premium of Top Companies: Comparison between 2006 2007 (%) Table 20: Life Insurance Premium Renewal (million Baht) and Growth (%) Year on Year for Top Companies (2006-2007) Table 21: Life Insurance Renewal Market Share of Top Companies in 2007 (mn Baht) Table 22: Life Insurance Single Premium Market Share of Top Companies in 2007 (mn Baht % growth) Table 23: Loss Ratio of Non – Life Insurance Business (2007) Table 24: Marine and Transportation Companies: Markey Share by Direct Premium (Unit: 1,000 Baht) Table 25: Automobile Insurance Top companies by Direct Premium (2007) Table 26: – 2007 Table 27: 007 Table 28: 2007 Table 29: 2007 Table 30: Table 31: Table 32: Table 33: Top Miscellaneous Non-Life Insurance Companies: Market Share by Direct Premium (%) Top Industrial All Risk Non-Life Insurance Companies: Market Share by Direct Premium – Top Public Liability Non-Life Insurance Companies: Market Share by Direct Premium – Top Engineering Non-Life Insurance Companies: Market Share by Direct Premium (%) – Top Top Top Top Aviation Non-Life Insurance Companies: Market Share by Direct Premium – 2007 Health Insurance Companies: Market Share by Direct Premium – 2007 Personal Accident Insurance Companies: Market Share by Direct Premium – 2007 Other Non-Life Insurance Companies: Market Share by Direct Premium – 2007 List of Charts Chart 1: Macroeconomic Trends: Population (mil. ) vs. Nominal GDP ($ bil. ) – 2002-2011f Chart 2: Macroeconomic Trends: GDP per capital ($ bil. ) vs. Real GDP Growth (%) – 2003-2011f Chart 3: Growth Trends: Inflation (2002-2008f) Chart 4: Key Economic Indicators Forecast (2007-2012f) Chart 5: Growth Trend Comparison: GDP Growth vs. Insurance Growth (%) – 2000-2011f Chart 6: Thailand Insurance Market Value ($billion): 2000-2007 Chart 7: Thailand Insurance Market Value Forecast ($million): 2007-2011f Chart 8: Insurance Density: Premiums Per Capita in USD Chart 9: Insurance Premium in % of GDP (2001-2011f) Chart 10: Thailand Insurance Market: Segment Share 2007 Chart 11: Growth Trend of Life Insurance and Non-Life Insurance ($Million): 2000-2011f Chart 12: Thailand Life Insurance Market Value ($million): 2000-2007 Chart 13: Thailand Life Insurance Market Value Forecast ($million): 2007-2011f Chart 14: Thailand Non-Life Insurance Market Value ($million): 2000-2007 Chart 15: Thailand Non-Life Insurance Market Value Forecast ($million): 2007-2011f Chart 16: Market Segmentation of Non-Life Insurance (%): 2007 Chart 17: Market Segmentation of Non-Life Companies by Ownership 2007 (%) Chart 18: Comparison of Direct Premiums of Non – Life Insurance Business (2007 2006) Chart 19: Direct Premium per Insurance Policy for 2007-2006 (Baht) Chart 20: Comparison of Sum Insured Per Premium of Non – Life Insurance Business Segments (2007 2006) Chart 21: Loss Ratio of Non – Life Insurance Business (2007) Chart 22: Market Share of Top Life Insurance Companies by Total Premium in 2007 (%) Chart 23: Life Insurance First Year Premium Marke t Segment in 2007 by Top Companies(%) Chart 24: Life Insurance Premium Renewal (million Baht) and Growth (%) Year on Year for Top Companies (2006-2007) Chart 25: Life Insurance Renewal Market Share of Top Companies in 2007 (%) Chart 26: Single Insurance Premium Company Segmentation 2007 Chart 27: Fire Insurance Companies – Market Share (%): 2007 Chart 28: Marine Transport Insurance Segment Share (%): 2007 Chart 29: Cargo and Hull Market: Direct Premium Share (%) in 2006-2007 Chart 30: Marine and Transportation Companies: Markey Share by Direct Premium (Unit: 1,000 Baht) Chart 31: Market Share of Automobile Insurance Sub Sector 2007 Chart 32: Automobile Insurance Top Companies – Market Share by Direct Premium (%) – 2007 Chart 33: Market Share of Miscellaneous Non-Life Sector (%) – 2007 Chart 34: Top Miscellaneous Non-Life Insurance Companies: Market Share by Direct Premium (%) – 2007 Chart 35: Top Industrial All Risk Non-Life Insurance Companies: Market Share by Direct Premium (%) – 2007 Chart 36: Top Public Liability Non-Life Insurance Companies: Market Share by Direct Premium (%) – 2007 Chart 37: Top Engineering Non-Life Insurance Companies: Market Share by Direct Premium (%) – 2007 Chart 38: Top Aviation Non-Life Insurance Companies: Market Share by Direct Premium (%) – 2007 Chart 39: Top Health Insurance Companies: Market Share by Direct Premium (%) – 2007 Chart 40: Top Personal Accident Insurance Companies: Market Share by Direct Premium (%) – 2007 Chart 41: Top Other Non-Life Insurance Companies: Market Share by Direct Premium (%) – 2007 Authors: Jasvita Anand, Akash Rakyan Nishith Srivastava Ordering: Order Online – http://www. researchandmarkets. com/reports/606283/ Order by Fax – using the form below Order by Post – print the order form below and send to Research and Markets, Guinness Centre, Taylors Lane, Dublin 8, Ireland. 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Project Management of AVIS

Questions: 1. Discuss the various performance objectives of AVIS.2. Explain why Avis Car Hire tries to locate branches close to its customers.3. Analyse the various factors that influence Aviss decisions about where to locate a new branch. Answers: 1. Various Performance Objectives of AVIS Business organisations sometimes face difficulties in identifying the proper location for the business establishment. The selection of the relevant location can be considered as the major priorities in determining the achievement of the competitive advantage (Kerzner 2013). AVIS Car Hire is a company, which is specifying the internationally recognised brand. The brand is operating within various countries like US, UK, Canada, Germany and Ireland. Since, the company is commendably developing; the most prominent objective is to facilitate the local operations to make the larger entity. The branch managers are taking the responsibility in ensuring the progressive attitude in the pre-determined objectives (Burke 2013). It is to be noted that the car rental signifies the huge opportunity for the competitive businesses. In concentrating on the UK market, the existence of many car rental companies is visible. Therefore, the company has set the aim of keeping the focus on the customer base a nd the customer services. The establishment of the skilled customer services is helpful for concentrating on the competitors (Narsing, Sanders and Ford 2014). The efficient services are included in within the core ethos of the business. It generates enthusiasm in employees to provide the higher standard of the services to the customers. However, in concentrating on such aspects, AVIS has set the aim of relocating the branches to the nearer places of the customers. The company has even established almost 350 branches in UK. The branches are only five miles away from the places of the customers (Avis.com 2016). It is to be indicated that relocating the branches can be concerned of the competitive nature of the business. Any organisation cannot relocate their branches if the locations are not relevant to the customers (Shaheen and Cohen 2013). In keeping the concentration on the competitive nature of the business market, it is required to meet the satisfactory level of the customers. However, the company is even focusing on the factors that are influencing the local facilities along with the maintenance of the infrastructure. The identification of the availability of the enough spaces to relocate the business entity is needed to be ensured (Huefner 2015). Avis is using long-life bulbs for the signage system, which is reducing the environmental wastes and times that labours usually provide during the replacements of the bulbs. The regulators are placed in jet wash machines for reducing the use of the shampoo for the car wash (Avis.com 2016). The company is using the photocells for switching on the outside signs and lights and this is quite helpful in reducing the electricity consumptions. The process of printing is featured in the recycled printing papers to avoid wastages (Quigley and Robertson 2015). One person is hired for switching of the light of non-essential devices when the day ends. The company is using the special window blinds for reducing the gaining o f the heat and determining the reductions of energy costs. Offices include the generators, which forms lower amount of heat and eliminate the requirements of cooling systems. The furniture is donated to the charities for the recycling process. The performance indicators are thus assuring the measurement of the progressive forms that can enhance the better aspects in setting the objectives. 2. Reasons behind relocating the branches near to the places of the customers In keeping concentration of the competitive nature of the business, the achievement of the customers satisfactory level is necessary (Kell 2013). If the company can facilitate the effective customer services, it will be helpful enough in determining the progress of the organisational performance. The company even could open the new business entity in a place where the market is not present. Moreover, the UK market is much challenging, as the market competition is higher (Haensel, Mederer and Schmidt 2012). Therefore, it is required for the company to come up with new strategic ideas that can bring success for the strengthened business positions for the company. The branch managers are encouraged to take the responsibility for undertaking the local operations. If the company is being able to structure their customer base in a significant manner, the company would be capable of participating in the competitive business world (Czerny, Shi and Zhang 2015). However, this type of approach is quite helpful in determining the establishment of dynamic services, which are driven by the individual branches. Hence, each of the branches can get the opportunity to concentrate on the basic needs and the requirements of the customers. In keeping concentration of the value proposition of Avis, the approach is really helpful for meeting the needs of the local customers. As the core element of the ethos of Avis is effective customer services, the employees are even getting the motivation to perform well. Thus, they can significantly provide the customers the higher standard of the services, which is quite beneficial for the company in associating the effective customer base (Conradie et al. 2014). The establishment of the standard customer service is considered as the key driving force and differentiator in ensuring the profitable approach of the company. This factor is the most recognisable reason for locating the branches near to the home place of the customers. As the company ensures the extensive networks of the branches, the company could establish the branches in almost 350 locations. The company is therefore operating from these branches, which are just five miles away from the customers places. The company ev en can be able to use the comprehensive checklist for evaluating each of the locations. When a company sets their location nearer to the place of the consumers, it becomes helpful for them to understand the basic needs and requirements (Karkali and Vazirgiannis 2012). The skilled employees can even get the motivation to serve the customers, which facilitates the achievement of the customers satisfactory level. As per the relevancies of the customers, they can demand for the services from the nearest branches (Seay and Narsing 2013). Therefore, the customers are given the opportunity to track the services as per their relevancy. Shifting to the nearby places to the customers is therefore quite fruitful for determining the strengthened position in the huge competitive business scenario. The brand image of Avis Car is thus facilitated as per their effective services on maintaining the availability and speed efficiencies. As per the case study, it has been seen that Avis has been mainta ining two types of the locations. The home or city based locations are providing the facilities to the long-term business partners. The company is even stretching the large market for the personal customers as well. The individual or the business people may require the car rental for accident cover or for leisure purposes (Avis.com, 2016). Hence, locating in the nearer place to the customers is quite beneficial for both the company and the customers. The second type of the location is undertaken for the branches at the airport areas. The services are mainly for the people who are travelling through the flights to different regions. The establishment of the branches in the nearer locations to the customers, the company can be able to update the customers regarding their newly launched services. Similarly, the brand awareness will be increased accordingly. The company can utilize the strong visual brand specifications to define the corporate logo and introduce the branding aspects of the company. 3. Various Factors influencing the decisions of Avis regarding their proper locations Many of the factors can be taken into consideration for deciding the exact area to evaluate the business entities (Karkali and Vazirgiannis 2012). When the organisation feels the urge of expanding the business, usually it concentrates on the location where the organisation does not have the previous locations. Even the business needs to undertake the process of restructuring or initiating the modernised structures for the operational activities. The collaboration of several existing departments into the new premises, which are built for different purposes, can be effective for the business expansion. The company is mainly focusing on the locations, which include the more business potentialities. However, the factors that are influencing the business expansion process in a new location. These are as follows: Firstly, the company may select the relevant site, which promotes the cheapest cost of the buildings and lands. The locations are needed to be as per the convenience of the employees. The business needs to concentrate on the recruitment process while selecting the staffs as per the required skills. The business is always fascinated about a location, which is significant for accessing the raw materials. In case of Avis, the locations are needed to be nearer to the customers place. Whenever any customer needs to rent a car for use, they can get the services as per their convenience. One of the major key factors for relocating the business is the concentration on the service and transport infrastructure. Many of the businesses require the proper transporting links and efficient telecommunication services. It is quite helpful for the company to provide the services within the mentioned time. Apart from these influences, Avis is ensuring several qualitative influences as well. One of the major requirements of the company is to determine the achievement of the security level. For example, if Avis has to provide the car rental service, the company needs to keep the concentration on the road conditions, which determines the on time delivery of the services to the customers (Karkali and Vazirgiannis 2012). Moreover, it will be helpful enough for the managers of the company to assess the future facilities regarding the relocation of the business. Some of the environmental considerations are also needed to be taken into account while expanding the business in a new location. The environmental-friendly venture includes the following factors: The company is using the long-life bulbs for the signage and this is more efficient than the standard bulbs. The process is quite helpful for reducing the wastages in the environment. It is even cutting down the times that the labours are spending during the replacements of the bulbs. Avis Car is placing the regulators on the car wash and het wash machines. The regulators are thus reducing the amount of shampoo, which has been using for the washing purposes. The production house is using the photocells, which are helpful enough in switching on the signs or the outside lights during the time of relevant use. It is quite helpful for the reduction of the electricity consumptions. The company is using the printing process for keeping the document in a recycled paper. The company is even hiring the last person who will be turning off the lights and the non-essential electronic devices after the working day. The company is using the special window blinds, which are helping in reducing the gaining of the heats and saving the costs of the energy resourcing. The furniture that will be used in the office premises can be recycled and donated for the charity works. Company is ensuring the utilization of the efficient lighting system that is generating the lower amount of heat. Therefore, the company would not require any extra cooling system for the working purposes. Hence, it can be stated that the improvisation of the environmental factors can be effective enough in considering the relocation of the business as per the convenience. It is to be indicated that the concentration on these factors is quite facilitating the achievement of the globalised performance. Since, the modernised world seeks for the globalised efforts and performance efficiency; the business companies are taking these factors into considerations for the beneficial attributes. The maintenance of such globalised aspects would thus add value to the restructure of the company. The concept of relocating the business will also bring the maintenance of the efficiency to determine the strengthened position of the business in the competitive market (Seay and Narsing 2013). Moreover, the adaptation of such practices would strengthen the brand image of the company more specifically. Hence, it can be inferred that undertaking such relocating strategy would be beneficial for Avis in maint aining the strengthened position of the business. References Avis.com, 2016. Avis Corporate Facts - Avis Car Rental. [online] Available at: https://www.avis.com/car-rental/content/display.ac?navId=T6M21S02 [Accessed 7 Feb. 2016]. Avis.com, 2016. Avis recognized as a leading brand for customer loyalty. [online] Available at: https://www.avis.com/car-rental/content/display.ac;jsessionid=Xy61WR2LR2C6NKVb13n7pcVq4zWfnKGsJdSFv24pHJrP26gsvSG5!845448816?contentId=press-release-US_en-049579#.VrhIYPl97IU [Accessed 7 Feb. 2016]. Burke, R., 2013.Project management: planning and control techniques. New Jersey, USA. Conradie, E., Roberts-Lombard, M. and Klopper, H.B., 2014. Brand awareness in the services sector influenced by eight internal marketing elements.Journal of Global Business and Technology,10(1), p.25. Czerny, A.I., Shi, Z. and Zhang, A., 2015. Can market power be controlled by regulation of core prices alone?: An empirical analysis of airport demand and car rental price. Haensel, A., Mederer, M. and Schmidt, H., 2012. Revenue management in the car rental industry: A stochastic programming approach.Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management,11(1), pp.99-108. Huefner, R.J., 2015. The sharing economy: Implications for revenue management.Journal of Revenue Pricing Management,14(4), pp.296-298. Karkali, M. and Vazirgiannis, M., 2012, September. S-Suite: a multipart service oriented architecture for the car rental sector. InProceedings of the Fifth Balkan Conference in Informatics(pp. 263-266). ACM. Kell, J., 2013. Avis to Buy Car-Sharing Service Zipcar.The Wall Street Journal. Kerzner, H.R., 2013.Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Narsing, A., Sanders, T. and Ford, M., 2014. A Model for Managing Rental Fleets in the New Competitive Landscape-Maintenance, Productivity, Corporate Branding and Legal Implications.Academy of Information and Management Sciences Journal,17(1), p.33. Quigley, J.M. and Robertson, K.L., 2015.Configuration Management: Theory, Practice, and Application. CRC Press. Seay, S. and Narsing, A., 2013. Transitioning to a Lean Paradigm: A Model for Sustainability in the Leasing and Rental Industries.Academy of Strategic Management Journal,12(1), p.113. Shaheen, P. and Cohen, A., 2013. Innovative mobility carsharing outlook.University of Berkeley, California.

Neanderthals Essays - Stone Age, Human Evolution, Hominini

Neanderthals Neanderthals I have never really had an interest in religion and the beliefs it is made of. This all leaves me confused at times. Religion explains the creation of humankind, since I have no religious beliefs then where does this leave me in thought about where I came from? Actually it left me no where. I have just recently taken an anthropology class the second semester of my freshman year at Montgomery College. I am just know gaining a belief in where and when man was created. Just think, most people are instilled with religion early in life, mostly by their parents or the schools that there parents make the attend at an early age. I have always been to stubborn to listen to anything my parents had to say, leading me to find out things for myself. I have only been able to listen and understand things that I like and listening to my anthropology teacher was something that I could understand and enjoyed listening to. He was the one who first introduced me to Neanderthals. Many Anthropologists believe that Neanderthals were in fact a direct ancestor to modern man. Thus giving Anthropologists an idea of where we started out. On the other hand some Anthropologists think that the Neanderthals had no relation to modern man. Through the research that I have done, there is little info that supports that Neanderthals were in fact ancestors, but there is a definite larger amount of info that supports that they are not ancestors of man. Most of the information that supported that Neanderthals were direct ancestors has been found to be incorrect through research and technology. In 1856 at the Feldhofer Cave, Germany, Neanderthal Man introduced himself to the world indicated by Turnbaugh, Jurmain, Nelson, Kilgore in the seventh edition of Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archeology. Named after the valley in which he was discovered (Neander Tal), this hominid would send anthropologists mad for over 100 years. They were initially though of as dim-witted brutes with clubs and beast like characteristics. French Paleontologist, Marcelin Boule was the creator of this misconception about the Neanderthals. Boule declare that these hominids were unintelligent due to their low-browed brains and that the only thing that they could make is their tools and not much else. Boule believed that the beast walked bent need and head projecting forward with his big toe similar to a chimpanzee. Later it is learned that in fact his misconception about the beast steered him wrong in his examination of the elderly hominid. Actually the bones that he examined was crippled and had suffered from arthritis, over looked by Boule. Some Anthropologists believe that it is almost impossible to miss the evidence of arthritis on the old mans bones because it is so obvious to see. Either way, Boule's analysis left a permanent scar on the Neanderthals image that would not be changed until many years later (307). In recent years researchers have successfully extract and sequence DNA from a Neanderthal fossil. A small piece of bone from the humorous was removed from the original Neandertal Vally fossil and compared to numerous other DNA samples. Definite proof can not be determined from one sequence of an individual, in fact new data leading in favor of Neanderthals: showing that they were a branch of the human family, not a direct ancestor. The results from the tests indicate that the Neanderthal DNA is considerably different from the other DNA that was tested. The other DNA that was tested was from Humans as well as chimpanzees. From the result of these DNA tests, researchers stand by the view that "Neanderthals exist as a species independent from early modern man". Thus living up to the name of Neanderthals as an evolutionary dead end (Science 176-178). "Mitochondria is an important cell that finally determined the relation between man and Neanderthals" (Newman 1999). There is also a "cultural contrast between the Neanderthals and Homo sapiens (early modern man)" indicated by Turnbaugh, Jurmain, Nelson, Kilgore in the seventh edition of Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archeology. These differences set them apart in a way that tells us how they lived and defines the difference in the two. Tool technology on the behalf of the Neanderthals was less advanced. Flake tools were used for specific and few operations. Bone, antler, and ivory were used infrequently. Most tools had only one or two parts. While the Homo sapiens were using a wide verity of stone tools. Using bone, antler and ivory as often as possible. As well as having many more tools with two or more parts. Hunting is another

Anterograde Amnesia and Memento

Anterograde Amnesia and Memento Free Online Research Papers Did I Have an Assignment Due? I Cant Remember. Anterograde Amnesia is not genetic or or something that comes with age. It is a condition where a persons memory of the events prior to a trauma are retained, while the events following the trauma are forgotten and not retained.(Anterograde Amnesia 1). This results from brain injury. The ability to learn new information or make new memories is severely impared. The person who has amnesia may recall their childhood memories very well but do not have the ability to remember the things that happen on a daily basis. There has been experiments that test the ability of the brain to rehabilitate during this experience. Even though Anterograde Amnesia destroys the memory for facts or events, it may in fact spare the memory for skills or habbits. This theory is tested by teaching an individual a new skill, such as how to play a game. The next day,the amnesic individual will claim to have no memory of the prior session, but when asked to try executing the skill, can often perform quite well-indicating that some memories have been formed.(Memory Loss the Brain 1). Anterograde Amnesia can occur after damage to at least three distinct brain areas. The first, and most well-studied, is the hippocampus and associated areas in the medial temporal lobes of the brain. It can also occur if the basal forebrain is damaged, a group of structures that produce acetylcholine, a chemical which helps cells in the brainstorenew information during learning. Finally is the diencephalon which is a set of structures deep in the brain including the medial thalamic nuclei.(Memory Loss the Brain 1). The movie is centered around Leonard who is an insurance investigator seeking revenge. His problems all started when his life was forever destroyed by a couple of robbers breaking into his house and beating him and his wife. When he came to, his wife was dead and he had no short-term memory. His quality of life was severely hampered after this event, and he could only live a comprehendible life by tattooing notes on himself and taking pictures of things with a Polaroid camera.(Memento 1) While encountering several other people in his ventures that took advantage of him, Leonard still managed to find and kill his wifes murderer. In order to do this, he took drastic measures. He remembered from the pictures and tattoos everything, from the persons license plate number he was after, to which car was his. The motel clerk also took advantage of his disability by renting him out more than one room knowing that Leonard would forget shortly after. If he did not write the information down within a short amount of time, it was forgotten. One time he did not write down the much needed information. In the time it took for Natalie to walk out and back in the house it was like it never happened. So instead of remembering that the woman was bad, all he knew was what she had just told him when she came back in the house. Although Leonards situation was more extensive than the eveyday cases of Anterograde Amnesia, he fought through it. He woke up every morning looking for clues telling him what, who, and where he was. One morning when he was getting dressed, he noticed all the tattoos covering his body which confused him. He then quickly undressed to be able to re-read them all. This was an everyday occurrence with Leonard discoverring and rediscovering himself on a daily basis. what I take away from this assignment is that psychological disorders are a part of this world. normal everyday people deal with serious issues all the time. watching the movie Memento, I observed that amnesia is a terrible yet livable disorder. Forgetting everything you love, not remembering who you are or how you got there would be almost impossible to deal with. Yet, i learned that if you have the will to overcome your disability anything is possible. Also, from the project I learned that some folks take advantage of people with these disabilities. In the movie, Teddy befriends Leonard knowing of his disabilities and ends up taking advantage of him for several years, to his own benefit. Then Natalie abuses his illness for only a short while and still gets away with it. Learning about Anterograde Amnesia has made me open my eyes to the world, and helped me understand what some people go through daily. Not just the people who are living with this disorder go through terrible experi ences, but their caretakers, loved ones, and family. They are the ones who have to take care of or watch the people they care about suffer. In conclusion this assignment has made me aware of many different kinds of amnesia. With acceptance and constant repetition this disorder can be managed. Even if able to manage, memory loss would be a down right terrible disorder to have. We joke about the topic saying I wish I couldl forget some of the people I have met, but put yourself in their shoes. Try to feel what it would be like not to remember anything you did yesterday or the day before that. Imagine waking up in a strange place everyday and you have no idea how you arrived there. Even though I will never fully understand this disorder, I am more aware of what they go through and how they deal with life. Anterograde Amnesia. Mahalo.com: Human-Powered Search. 02 Dec. 2009 . Memento (2000) Plot Summary. The Internet Movie Database (IMDb). 02 Dec. 2009 . Memento movie review. Ramblings. 02 Dec. 2009 . Memory Loss the Brain. 02 Dec. 2009 . Research Papers on Anterograde Amnesia and MementoThree Concepts of PsychodynamicIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalStandardized TestingNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceThe Hockey GameEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenHip-Hop is ArtLifes What IfsCapital PunishmentThe Masque of the Red Death Room meanings

Project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Project - Assignment Example I want to become the next Conrad Nicholson Hilton. Although there are already many hotel companies which are doing quite successfully these days, I believe I can be in the competition and come out successful in the end as Hilton did during the great depression. I am confident that project management will prepare me for the humungous task before me. I know that this course will develop my planning skills which are very important for efficiency in the things that I need to do in the business. Planning is necessary in determining the crucial actions and to avoid frivolous ideas. Moreover, my organizational skills will also be reinforced as I study about theories and their applications which may have been successfully practiced by earlier businessmen or which could be developed even further to adapt to the changing demands of the modern world. Lastly, I believe this course will teach me to be wise in making decisions so that I will avoid common mistakes in doing business and will develop better ways to

Adapting to a new enviroment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Adapting to a new enviroment - Essay Example Being in the prosperous middle east of Asia, Kuwait is not a poor country. In cities there is good infrastructure and facilities and living there is not living like nomads in some backward desert. But when I moved to Irvine, I came to know that although I was not living like a nomad in a desert but still it was a very different place. I was used to that place and it seemed very natural and comfortable and I never had to do anything special to adjust in my peers. I just moved along naturally. Moving to America was another thing. I had to adjust in a new environment, the weather was alien, and the people were not the people that I had been living with. The first thing that I felt badly in a need of when I moved to America was friends. And making friends in a different country with people who have a different culture is not easy. And the greatest barrier in that is language. It is very difficult to be friends with people who do not talk like you. But slowly I started overcoming my shyness and found out that the only way to do it is to break ice and put a step forward. Practically adjusting in a very new environment and routine was a challenging task. Studying here was not like studying back in Kuwait. I had to adjust a lot while managing my studies with the new methods and schemes of studies. Also belonging to a different culture we used to have different pastimes and interests but here I had to slightly adjust my taste in various things to live with the new people and my new friends. I had to adjust with new places, routes and markets that were unfamiliar and it took time to completely settle here comfortably. Apart from the practical aspects mentioned above, what helped me most in adapting to this new place and environment was my flexibility. Adjustment in a new culture also requires a lot of compromise and flexibility. You

The Continued Growth Of Oreo

The Continued Growth Of Oreo Oreo can be satisfying more that just the drive (hunger). Oreo satisfies the nurturing need example, a mother having difficulties in feeding her 4 to 6 years old child with some nutrition food, can consider Oreo to feed her child with a sip of milk. Oreo satisfies the imitation need example, kids watching the Oreo ad on TVs while the other kids are enjoying twisting, that cookies licking and dunking the cookie into a glass of milk.This forces the that cookie right away and imitate the same steps. Oreo also adults like to have fun once in a while individually or even with their kids. Growth in the Saudi Arabian biscuit market is being driven mainly by two factors. Firstly, the marked increase in advertising spend by multinationals such as Nabisco, Master Foods and Danone. Secondly, the popularity of emerging products such as chocolate-coated biscuits and bread substitutes, which have recently been launched in the market. Research has shown that biscuits, particularly sweet biscuits, are generally sold at low prices, averaging between SR0.25 and SR2 (US $0.06-US $0.53), or a single-serve pack and enjoy excellent distribution in all outlets. The biscuits sector is highly developed owing to the strength of the local industry in Saudi Arabia, represented by large manufacturers such as United Food Industries. Oreo sales showed a fluctuating result during the past 13 years. When Oreo initially was launched into the market, sales increased to a high extent for about 3 years but then sales decreased for a long period during 1997 to 2002. Oreo marketing became aware of their loses and immediately went back to action and changed their marketing mix and started to introduce several different new products. This effort resulted with high sales in 2008. Sales were amounted to $4 billion and market share 41%. 2.0 Background Oreo 3.0 Marketing Mix 3.1 Product The basic design of an OREO cookie has not changed since its introduction: two round chocolate cookie wafer joined by sweet vanilla crà ¨me filling. 3.2 Promotion Key factors in the continued growth of OREO are the brands award-winning advertising and best-in-class consumer promotions. The brands approach to engaging consumers stays true to its essence: creating connections through the classic OREO and milk ritual that brings people together in moments of childlike delight. Whether its twisting, licking, dunking, or a combination of all three, OREO offers everyday moments of connection that other snack brands cannot match. Throughout the years, the brand has brought to life the powerful OREO and milk connection in a number of innovative advertising and promotional channels. One unique example is a panoramic elevator in a shopping mall that dramatizes the traditional OREO and milk connection: a picture of an OREO cookie on the elevator dunks into a glass of milk as the elevator descends. Because the OREO and milk moment is central to the brands identity, the advertising tagline was switched from Americas Favorite Cookie to Milks Favorite Cookie. Another unique trait of OREO is the brands unified worldwide marketing strategy. While the communications are translated and adapted for local cultures, the core communication of special moments of childlike delight enabled by the TWIST, LICK, AND DUNK ritual using an OREO and milk is consistent across the globe. With significant investment in promotions and public relations, the OREO brand has forged strong, lasting connections with consumers. Two signature marketing programs over the last 10 years have been the OREO Global Moments contest and the Double Stuf Racing League. In 2008 the brand hosted the OREO Global Moments contest, which asked OREO fans around the world to submit videos depicting a special OREO and Milk Moment. Consumers from eight different countries on four different continents entered videos depicting a wide range of OREO and Milk Moments. From original OREO-themed songs and animated skits to family lessons on OREO dunking techniques, fans showed their passion for the brand with every video submission. The winning video, which depicted a little girl giving her last OREO cookie and a glass of milk to a soldier, was featured on the YouTube homepage for a day. OREO recently energized the popular act of twisting, licking, and dunking by launching the Double Stuff Racing League (DSRL). The DSRL is a different way to enjoy the classic OREO cookie and milk ritual. Its a fun activity that family and friends can enjoy together, racing to see who can finish an OREO DOUBLE STUF cookie and glass of milk the fastest. Racers twist their cookie open, lick off all the crà ¨me, dunk it in milk, eat the cookie, and drink the glass of milk. The first to finish twisting, licking, and dunking wins. Commercials in recent years have featured numerous celebrity athletes as DSRL athletes, which has driven significant media attention to this unique campaign and resulted in very positive consumer response. OREO DOUBLE STUF consumption has grown almost 10 percent since the launch of the DSRL in 2008.4 In keeping with the changing media landscape, OREO has elevated its strategy by connecting millions of passionate fans to each other (and the brand) through social media. Social media networks such as Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube are ideal tools for a brand like OREO, whose strategy is rooted in connecting family and friends. The brands foundation of connections in combination with the global reach of OREO lends credibility to the two-way conversations that social media platforms enable on a daily basis. Consumers who like OREO on Facebook also receive brand updates, such as exclusive behind-the-scenes content from OREO advertising shoots and new product news. By embracing the new opportunity to connect with consumers, OREO has emerged as a leader in social media and currently hosts one of the largest consumer packaged goods-branded Facebook pages.5 Whether its through social media or lick racing contests, OREO is reaching consumers through award-winning advertisements, unique promotions, and public relation campaigns that continue to build the OREO brand equity. 3.3 Place 3.4 Price 4.0 Suggestion Marketing Mix Product: Develop new sandwiches which contain less calories, less fat, less cocoa powder and less salt. Customer has been complaining about the packaging for the past years. And in order to overcome this issue, the package should be given a new look to attract more customer. The labeling should be clear and nutritional information should be specific and not hypothetical such as May contain milk protein!!! Price: Maintain their current prices. Maintain a fixed price for all specific products overall the Riyadh market. Place: Oreo should improve their market existence. Example: In Hail-Al-Wazarat, his cold stores Bagalas dont have Oreo products. Promotion: Their promotions havent shown much about their organizations, TV commercials were for a short time and ever since they havent shown any other particular promotions. They should get in contact with Advertising Agencies for better improved commercials. Their websites provide less information about the whole organization (Internal /External). Aim for different promotional medias as Bill boards, Flyers, etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. 5.0 Conclusion